The nucleus’s nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly. The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins. Like a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell has a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes, but a eukaryotic cell is typically larger than a prokaryotic cell, has a true nucleus (meaning a membrane surrounds its DNA), and has other membrane-bound organelles that allow for compartmentalizing functions. ![]() If the cell grows too large, the plasma membrane will not have sufficient surface area to support the rate of diffusion required for the increased volume. Prokaryotic cells range in diameter from 0.1 to 5.0 μm.Īs a cell increases in size, its surface area-to-volume ratio decreases. ![]() Most have peptidoglycan cell walls and many have polysaccharide capsules. All prokaryotes have plasma membranes, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA that is not membrane-bound. Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea. The unified cell theory states that one or more cells comprise all organisms, the cell is the basic unit of life, and new cells arise from existing cells. ![]() Electron microscopes provide higher magnification, higher resolution, and more detail than light microscopes. Therefore, scientists use microscopes to study cells. Most cells are so tiny that we cannot see them with the naked eye.
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